Israel has a long and proud history of Agricultural achievements, from biblical times up to the modern-day. Yet the rejuvenation of modern Israel’s agriculture industry goes back only 150 years.
从古至今，以色列在农业方面有着悠久而光辉的成就。然而，以色列现代农业的复兴只能追溯到150年前。
The beginning was tough and extremely challenging agriculture wise. Inspired by the Zionist movement, young European immigrants came to the promised land at end of the 18th century, a Colossal task accomplished with hardship. Diseases such as malaria, typhoid and cholera were extensive, inflicting mass peril amongst the primarily adolescent population.The land was equally unforgiving— the upper Jordan Valley a treacherous swamp, the Judaean Mountains rugged and rocky, and the entire south is a barren, desert-like wilderness.
它的起步阶段极其艰难并富有挑战性。18世纪末，在犹太复国运动的鼓舞下，年轻力壮的欧洲移民来到这里从事一项艰巨的任务——开垦荒地。疟疾、伤寒和霍乱等疾病蔓延甚广，致使许多人因此丧命。这里的土地同样无情——上约旦河谷是一片危险的沼泽，犹太山脉壁立千仞，而整个南部是一片贫瘠的荒原。
Work began on constructing terraces, clearing rocky fields, cleansing salty soil, draining swamplands, and widespread re-forestation. Despite having minimal agricultural experience, a strong commitment to ideology and extreme perseverance saw these early pioneers redefine the hostile landscape.
早期工作包括建造梯田、平整土地、冲洗盐渍土、湿地排水、大规模植树造林等项目。尽管早期的拓荒者并不具备充足的农业经验，但他们用矢志不移的信念和毅力重新定义了这片原本残酷无情的土地。
Today, Agriculture in Israel is a highly developed industry. Israel is a major exporter of fresh produce and a world-leader in agricultural technologies. However, the geography of the country is not naturally suitable to agriculture. More than half its land is desert, and the climate, combined with a general scarcity of water,do not bode well for farming activities. Only 20% of the land area is naturally arable and conducive to agriculture.
现如今，以色列的农业高度发达。它不仅是新鲜农产品的主要出口国之一，也是世界农业技术领跑者。尽管正如上文所说，以色列的自然地理条件并不适宜农业发展，即存在一些极其不利的客观限制：该国超过一半的土地是沙漠，气候恶劣，水资源匮乏，只有20%的土地本身是可用于耕种的。
While farm workers makeup a small percentage of the work force, Israel produces 95% of its own food, supplementing with imports of grain, oilseeds, meat, coffee, cocoa and sugar when necessary.
然而，以色列依靠占比劳动力总人口极低的农业劳动者，完成了粮食自给率95%的壮举，只需进口诸如谷物、油籽、肉类、咖啡、可可和糖等农产品作为补充。
A world-leader in modern agricultural technologies, Israel’s success is attributed to the close cooperation between farmers, the agro industry, and technological research. Over the years, Israel has given the world impressive new agricultural products. For example, Israel introduced the seedless, hardy Bet Alpha cucumber, the spaghetti squash (high in antioxidants), the delicious Galia melon, exotic and vitamin C-rich black tomatoes, seedless peppers, a hardy mini basil tree, and the Anna apple (suitable for hot climates).
作为世界农业技术的领军者，以色列的成就归功于本国农民，农业产业和科技研究之间的密切合作。多年来，以色列为世界贡献了一系列令人印象深刻的新型农产品。例如，以色列推出了无籽、耐寒的Bet Alpha黄瓜、富含抗氧化物的金丝瓜、美味的加利亚瓜、富含维生素c且极具异域风情的黑番茄、无籽辣椒，耐寒的迷你罗勒树和适合在炎热气候地区种植的安娜苹果。
As the world population grows, smart solutions for better agriculture and safer food storage are essential. This means investing in cutting edge agricultural technology. Since 2004, R&D expenditure has accounted on average for 17% percent of the agricultural budget. Advances in Israeli agriculture are now helping to feed the world.
随着世界人口不断增长，农业生产和食物储备对农业问题的解决方案提出了更高、更安全、更智能化的新要求。这有赖于尖端农业技术的投资。以色列自2004年以来，研发支出通常占国家农业支出预算的17%。以色列农业技术的日新月异正造福全世界人民。
Here are some examples:
下面是一些实例:
Israeli drip and micro-irrigation solutions have rapidly spread worldwide. The newest models are self-cleaning and maintain uniform flow rate regardless of water quality and pressure. The Israeli company Netafim is a world leader in drip irrigation
以色列的滴灌和微灌技术已经在世界范围内迅速普及。最新的技术可以排除水质和水压的干扰，实现自行清洁并保持稳定的流量。来自以色列的耐特菲姆公司是滴灌领域的世界领导者
Thermal imaging is used for water status mapping of crops. This is based upon the correlation between the water status of the greenery and its temperature (leaf temperature rises under water stress)
基于绿叶植物的水分与其温度之间的相关性(水的压力会使叶子温度升高)，采用热成像技术即可绘制出作物的水分状态图
The breeding of beneficial insects and mites for biological pest control, bumble bees for natural fertilization in greenhouses and open fields, and sterile fruit flies to control the major pest in fruit trees
益虫、螨虫的繁殖（用于对害虫进行生物防治），大黄蜂的繁殖（用于在温室和野外进行自然施肥），不育果蝇的繁殖（用于防治侵害果树的主要害虫)
Generation of unique software to help producers grow fruits and vegetables, raise dairy cows and poultry, manage vineyards and make olive oil
开发专门的软件，用于辅助生产者进行蔬果种植、奶牛和家禽饲养、葡萄果园管理以及橄榄油榨取
Development of strains of potatoes that thrive in hot, dry climates, and can be irrigated by saltwater
培育了能在炎热、干燥的气候条件下茁壮成长并可以用盐水灌溉的马铃薯品种
Development of new varieties of tomatoes with the aim of making them as tasty as possible
为了尽最大可能提升西红柿的口感，培育了许多新品种西红柿
Development of reusable plastic trays to collect dew from the air, reducing the water needed by crops or trees by up to 50 percent
研发了可重复使用的塑料托盘，用于从空气中收集露水，最高可节约农作物或树木所需灌溉水量的50%
Development of veterinary pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, cosmetics, bio-plastics and fertilizers
研发了兽药、营养补充剂、化妆品、生物塑料和肥料
Post-harvest technologies include modified atmosphere packaging (using biodegradable materials), non-chemical hot water rinsing and biocontrol agents against pathogens
用于在收获期后的技术包括：气调包装(使用生物可降解材料)、非化学热水漂洗和针对病原体的生物防治剂
Major Agriculture Research Institutes in Israel:
以下是以色列主要的农业科技研究机构:
1. Agricultural Research Organization,Volcani Center –
It serves as the research arm of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of the State of Israel and provides research opportunities for local and international scientists at the post-graduate level, as well as educational opportunities for Israeli and international youths, farmers and scientists. The organization supports Israeli agriculture research, focusing on plant sciences, animal sciences, plant protection, soil and environmental sciences, food sciences, and agricultural engineering.
1.农业研究组织，以色列国家农业研究中心——
该中心是以色列农业和农村发展部的研究机构，为本国以及全球科学家提供研究生水平的科研机会，并为来自以色列和全球的青少年、农民和科学家提供教育机会。该中心支持以色列的农业研究，聚焦植物科学、动物科学、植物保护、土壤和环境科学、食品科学和农业工程。
2. Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Hebrew university) –
The Faculty's teaching and research play a central role in advancing agriculture to strengthen the Israeli economy, while training tomorrow's scientists and agriculturists; all the while protecting and rehabilitating the environment and increasing food production to reduce world hunger. They further mobilize agricultural technology to meet human health needs and improve the quality of agricultural products, sharing the benefits of Israeli research and innovation with other nations.
2.农业、食品和环境学院(希伯来大学)——
该学院的教学和研究发挥着核心作用:在通过促进农业进步助力以色列经济发展的同时，培养未来的科学家和农学家;在保护和修复环境的同时，增加粮食产量以缓解世界粮食短缺。引导农业向着守护人类健康和提高农产品质量方向健康发展，并与其他国家分享以色列的研究和创新成果。
The Faculty offers programs leading to B.Sc., M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Agriculture, B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in Nutrition, and a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine degree. The Faculty's International School of Agricultural Sciences also offers short-term postgraduate courses on various agricultural subjects, and Masters of Science in Agriculture degree programs, all of which are conducted in English for foreign students.
该学院提供农业专业的学士学位，硕士学位和博士学位，营养学专业的学士学位和硕士学位以及兽医学专业的博士学位。学院的国际农业科学系也提供各种农业相关学科的短期研究生课程，以及农业科学的硕士学位项目，所有课程均为外国学生提供英语教学。
The State of Israel is committed to fulfilling its responsibility to contribute to the fight against poverty and global efforts to achieve sustainable development. Some of the most innovative agriculture and water companies in Israel are successfully operating in China, brining China into the next generation of smart agriculture.
以色列承诺履行其责任，为消除贫困和实现可持续发展的全球性问题作出属于自己的贡献。以色列一些最具创新能力的农业和水处理公司正在中国成功运营，携手中国步入智能农业新时代。
On December 7th, 2021, The Yunnan-Israel 7th annual forum will take place this year in Yunnan & Tel Aviv simultaneously. This forum is performed as a result of close cooperation of Yunnan & the Israeli government (via the Chengdu consulate and the Israeli Economic & Trade Mission to Southwest China), Chamber of commerce in Israel (FICC), Via Meshi association, and the Israeli chamber of commerce in China (IsCham).
2021年12月7日，第七届云南-以色列年度论坛将在云南和特拉维夫同时举行。该论坛是云南省和以色列政府(以色列驻成都总领事馆和以色列驻成都总领事馆商务处)、中国以色列商会(IsCham)、以色列商会(FICC)和Via Meshi协会密切合作的成果。
Here are Some of the most active agriculture companies operating in China, all active members at IsCham:
以下是在中国运营的一些以色列农业公司，他们都是中以商会的活跃会员:
Netafim
以色列耐特菲姆，滴灌技术的发明者、智能水肥一体化行业的全球领导者。致力于精准灌溉以减少食物、水和土地短缺，创造可持续发展的未来。
网站：https://www.netafim.cn
Netafim is the world's largest irrigation company and the global leader in precision irrigation solutions committed to fight scarcity of food, water and land, for a sustainable future.
Website: https://www.netafim.cn
BIE
BIE的重点是投资以色列的科技公司，旨在解决和改善人道主义挑战，如水资源短缺以及由于人口增加和城市化而对自然资源不断带来的压力。
Watergen LTD.是一家以创新为主的以色列公司，开发了一种独特的专利技术，把我们呼吸的空气变成清洁的可饮用水。
网站：https://www.bienergy.co.il/
BIE main focus is investing in Israeli technological ventures, which aim at solving and improving humanitarian challenges, like water scarcity, and increased pressure on natural resources due to growing population and urbanization.
Watergen LTD., is an innovative Israeli company has developed a unique, patented technology where clean drinking water is generated from the air we breathe using cost-effective energy consumption.
Website: https://www.bienergy.co.il/
Bermad
伯尔梅特将其专业知识和专有技术，领先技术和精密工程结合在一起，为世界各地的水控制和水管理项目提供全面的定制解决方案。
网站：https://www.bermad.com
Bringing together its expertise and know-how, leading-edge technology and precision engineering, BERMAD provides comprehensive customized solutions for the control and management of water supply anywhere in the world.
Website:https://www.bermad.com
AST
AST整合全球顶尖科技提供水处理的专业规划和项目管理。
网站：www.ast-water.com
AST provides expert planning and management for integrating cutting-edge water treatment technologies and projects worldwide.
Website: www.ast-water.com
ARI
A.R.I. 是液体传输系统保护解决方案的领先制造商和全球供应商，拥有40多年的行业经验，致力于服务、可靠性和创新。
网站：www.arivalves.com
A.R.I. is a leading manufacturer and global provider of solutions for the protection of liquid transmission systems, with over 40 years of industry experience, commitment to service, reliability and innovation.
Website:www.arivalves.com
IDE
作为水处理解决方案的世界领先者，IDE专门从事增强型海水淡化和工业水处理厂的开发、工程、建设和运营。
网站：https://www.ide-tech.com
A world leader in water treatment solutions, IDE specializes in the development, engineering, construction and operation of enhanced desalination and industrial water treatment plants.
Website: https://www.ide-tech.com
Etza
Etza Agriculture位于以色列南部，是一家领先的蔬菜种植咨询公司。从规划，播种前/种植阶段到最后收成，客户都可以享受密切、实际的农田监测。
网站：https://www.etza-agri.com/home2.html
Etza Agriculture is a leading consulting company for vegetable growers in southern Israel. The clients enjoy close, hands-on supervision from the planning, pre-sowing/planting stages through to the final harvest.
Website: https://www.etza-agri.com/home2.html
Agridera
Agridera是以色列历史最悠久的种子公司之一，专门为以色列和全球市场种植、生产、加工，销售和营销大田作物、蔬菜和观赏花卉。
网站：www.agridera.com
Agridera is one of the oldest seed companies in Israel, specializing in the cultivation, production, processing, sale, and marketing of field crops, vegetables, and ornamental flowers for the Israeli and global market.
Website: www.agridera.com
Equinom
Equinom通过外国、古代和现代品种杂交，自然地培育精英种子。利用其丰富的种子库，Equinom使用其基于计算机的育种和基因组技术来预测和模拟新品种。
网站：www.equi-nom.com
Equinom creates elite seeds naturally by cross breeding exotic, ancient and modern varieties. Tapping into its abundant seed bank, Equinom uses its computer-based breeding and genomic technologies to predict and simulate new varieties.
Website: www.equi-nom.com
还有许多在中国运营的优秀以色列农业公司：
Dagan–Dagan提供前沿的农业和环境数据服务，支持再生农业的扩张。（https://www.daganinc.com）
BetterSeeds–BetterSeeds利用基因组编辑技术 (CRISPR-Cas9) 生产新品种；植物基因组中的特定、受控和预选变化。(https://www.betterseeds.com)
Motech–Mottech为各种市场和应用提供先进的远程监控和控制解决方案，包括农业灌溉，草坪和景观灌溉以及配水 。(www.mottech.com)
Hazera–Hazera是种子行业的全球领导者 。(www.hazera.com)
Azrom–AZROM是以色列领先的公司，专门从事适合所有作物需求和气候条件的温室的设计、施工和生产。(www.azrom.com)
More impressive Agriculture companies from Israel, active in China:
Dagan – Dagan provides cutting-edge agricultural and environmental data services to support the expansion of regenerative agriculture. (https://www.daganinc.com)
Betterseeds – BetterSeeds makes use of genome editing technology (CRISPR-Cas9) in order to produce new varieties; specific, controlled and preselected changes in the plant genome. (https://www.betterseeds.com)
Motech – Mottech provides advanced remote monitoring and control solutions for diverse markets and applications, including agricultural irrigation, turf and landscaping irrigation, and water distribution. (www.mottech.com)
Hazera – Hazera is a global leader in the seed industry. (www.hazera.com)
Azrom - AZROM is the leading Israeli company specializing in the design, engineering and production of greenhouses that suit all crop requirements and climatic conditions. (www.azrom.com)
本文由Iris Kastoriano编辑
Edited by: Iris Kastoriano
参考资料：
https://www.factsaboutisrael.uk/agriculture-in-israel/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture_in_Israel
https://sareltours.com/article/israeli-agriculture-technology-tour
Netafim: https://www.netafim.cn
BIE: https://www.bienergy.co.il/
Bermad: https://www.bermad.com
AST: www.ast-water.com
ARI: www.arivalves.com
IDE: https://www.ide-tech.com
Etza: https://www.etza-agri.com/home2.html
Agridera: www.agridera.com
Equinom: www.equi-nom.com
Dagan: https://www.daganinc.com
BetterSeeds: https://www.betterseeds.com
Motech: www.mottech.com
Hazera: www.hazera.com
Azrom: www.azrom.com
Sources:
https://www.factsaboutisrael.uk/agriculture-in-israel/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture_in_Israel
https://sareltours.com/article/israeli-agriculture-technology-tour
Netafim: https://www.netafim.cn
BIE: https://www.bienergy.co.il/
Bermad: https://www.bermad.com
AST: www.ast-water.com
ARI: www.arivalves.com
IDE: https://www.ide-tech.com
Etza: https://www.etza-agri.com/home2.html
Agridera: www.agridera.com
Equinom: www.equi-nom.com
Dagan: https://www.daganinc.com
BetterSeeds: https://www.betterseeds.com
Motech: www.mottech.com
Hazera: www.hazera.com
Azrom: www.azrom.com
If you are interested in talking to these companies or joining IsCham as a member, please contact:
如果想与以上公司取得联系或加入中以商会成为会员，欢迎联系：info@ischam.org.